Cataracts are often associated with the elderly, but many types of cataracts occur primarily in children.  They can arise at any age.  Some appear at birth, while others become evident during the teenage years.

A cataract is a clouding of the lens inside the eye, which is located behind the pupil.  The lens focuses the images that enter the eye through the pupil; a cataract in the lens may thus interfere with this focusing mechanism.

Cataracts diagnosed at birth are known as congenital cataracts.  Congenital cataracts often require early treatment, as the visual system in infants develops rapidly after birth.  Significant congenital cataracts are often alleviated by treatment in the early weeks of life.

What Causes Pediatric Cataracts?

The reasons for pediatric cataracts are unclear, but possible causes include:

• Genetic factors.  Cataracts that are present in both eyes of a newborn are most often caused by an abnormal gene.  In addition, children with genetic disorders such as Down syndrome or galactosemia often develop cataracts.  Babies with cataracts need to be evaluated for diseases or disorders that may have caused the cataracts.
• Infection during pregnancy.  Infections such as German measles (rubella), chickenpox, and toxoplasmosis during pregnancy can cause cataracts in a newborn.
• Premature birth.  Cataracts may occur in babies who are born premature, especially those weighing less than 1000 grams (2.22 pounds).

How Are Pediatric Cataracts Treated?

Cataracts in children vary in character and location within the lens.  Treatment likewise varies.  A small cataract in a child that does not interfere with the eye's function may be carefully observed but left alone.  When a pediatric cataract prevents the lens from clearly focusing images inside the eye, however, treatment may be recommended.  To learn more about treatment of cataracts at Pediatric EyeCare, please click below. 

Treatment of Cataracts in Infants and Children

To make an appointment for your child at Pediatric EyeCare, please call us , or use our online appointment request form.

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